A scientific Article
The Academic staff at the College of Education for Pure Sciences/Department of biology, Prof. Dr. Kawthar Abdul-Hussein Mahdi, obtained the acceptance to publish a scientific article tagged with the title (Congenital Toxoplasmosis) by the Scientific Articles Committee at the Presidency of Karbala University after the article fulfilled all publication conditions. And (Prof. Dr. Kawthar Abdul-Hussein Mahdi) mentioned that congenital toxoplasmosis occurs as a result of the primary infection with the Toxoplasma parasite of the mother during the pregnancy period, during which the rapidly multiplying stages are transmitted from the mother to the fetus through the placenta, and the rate of transmission depends on the duration of pregnancy, usually, It is the lowest in the first three months of pregnancy (5-25%) and highest in the last three months of pregnancy (about 90%). These ratios are affected by the balance (balance) between some immune factors and their genes (cellular kinetics, chemical kinetics, receptors, and adhesion molecules) and virulence factors of the parasite, and understanding this balance may shed much light on the pathogenesis of the parasite in the pregnant mother and its transmission to the fetus. The risk of fetal infection also depends on the duration of pregnancy, but the most dangerous of them is in the first three months of pregnancy. Death and abortion of the mother, meaning that the risk of pregnancy is inversely proportional to the advancing gestational age; therefore, less than 10% of cases of infection occur at this stage of pregnancy, as with the progression of the latter, the placenta becomes more permeable to parasites, so the rate of infection during the second term of pregnancy is estimated at 30% At a rate of 60-70% during the last three months of pregnancy, the risk of the disease lies during the first three months of pregnancy, which leads to miscarriage or abnormal births, but about 58-75% of newborns do not show symptoms of infection. 14-17% of fetuses die due to miscarriage if the mother acquired the infection in the first three months of pregnancy without taking any treatment, but if the mother acquired the infection during the last months of pregnancy without taking treatment, then 59-65% of fetuses are below the infection line With real complications (not apparent during childbirth). The difference in transmission rates is due to blood flow through the placenta, virulence and quantity of Toxoplasma parasites acquired, and the mother’s immune ability to resist parasitic infection.
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