Discussion of a Doctoral Thesis

The Department of Life Sciences at the College of Education for Pure Sciences at the University of Karbala discussed the doctoral thesis entitled (Study of the Protective Effect of the Aqueous and Secondary Extract of the Seeds of the Elephant Fig Plant on Some Physiological and Histological Parameters in Aframomum Melegueta White Rats Treated with Secondary Titanium Dioxide). For the student (Fatima Hussein Falih Al-Asadi), under the supervision of Asst. Prof. Dr. (Muhammad Wissam Al-Muhanna). The thesis aimed to demonstrate the protective role of the extract of the seeds of the elephant fig plant in its financial and secondary forms for the purpose of reducing or suppressing the toxic effects and oxidative stress of secondary titanium dioxide in white rats by studying the histological changes in the liver and kidneys and the concentrations of liver enzymes (ALP, AST and ALT). The thesis also concluded that the elephant fig seeds contain many active compounds that have a protective role against toxic substances in the body, and the secondary extract of the elephant fig seeds was more effective than the aqueous extract of the plant in protecting the body. The active compound paradol was the most active compound present in the aqueous extract. So that the oral dose of secondary titanium dioxide led to oxidative stress that caused histological damage in the liver and kidney tissue represented by changes in each of the hepatic cells, sinusoids, central vein, renal glomerulus, proximal and distal convoluted tubules compared to the control group. The study recommended studying the toxic effects of nano titanium dioxide on body cells and genetic parameters, especially during long periods of exposure. In addition to conducting a comparative study to determine the optimal concentration of secondary titanium dioxide in food uses. The student received an excellent grade.