The Staff in the College of Education for Pure Sciences/Department of Life Sciences, Professor Dr. (Ashwaq Kazem Obaid) has accepted the publication of a scientific article tagged with the title (Effect of Sodium Nitrate as a Preservative on the Liver) by the Scientific Articles Committee at the Presidency of Karbala University after fulfilling all publication conditions. (Prof. Ashwaq Kazem Obaid) stated that the liver plays an amazing role in regulating vital functions and maintaining homeostasis, as it participates in almost all biochemical pathways for growth, disease control, continuation of food processing, energy provision and reproduction, and thus maintaining a healthy and healthy liver. Essential for a healthy body. Sodium nitrate affects the liver tissue and causes a disturbance in the liver function. In studies that included nitrate administration in drinking water for 50 days, the treated group was characterized by infiltration of inflammatory leukocytes and the occurrence of central hepatic necrosis. The sites of cellular infiltration in the portal canals and their migration were determined. In necrotic lobules of the liver, resulting from weak blood vessels. In a study that included 120 male rats that lasted for 8 weeks and included the administration of sodium nitrate, histological changes were shown on the hepatocytes, showing areas of necrosis infiltrated by a number of inflammatory cells in addition to the presence of infiltration of mononuclear cells with the expansion of the sinusoids. In the electron microscopy of the liver, rats treated with sodium nitrate showed swollen liver cells with degenerated endoplasmic reticulum and swollen mitochondria. There were separate organelles in a membrane-bound structure and lipid droplets of variable size. Condensed nucleus were also seen. The liver is also the main organ that is attacked by types of reactive radicals, as parenchymal cells, which are primary cells in the liver, are exposed to oxidative stress caused by liver injury. Furthermore, Kupffer cells and endothelial cells in the liver are more susceptible or sensitive to molecules associated with oxidative stress. A variety of cytokines Tumor necrosis factor such as TNF-α can be produced in Coverer cells, which may cause increased inflammation and apoptosis, and oxidative stress by lipid peroxidation leads to collagen proliferation and proliferation in hepatic stellate cells.
