Scientific Article
The educational staff at the College of Education for Pure Sciences/Department of biology, Assistant Professor Dr. (Hanan Zuwer Mikhlif) obtained the acceptance to publish a scientific article tagged with the title (One of the wonders of God’s creation… Water bear) by the Scientific Articles Committee at the Presidency of Karbala University after completing The article is subject to all terms of publication. (Prof. Dr. Hanan Zuwer Mikhlif) mentioned that among the most unusual creatures is the invertebrate creature (Water Bear), its scientific name (Tardigrade), which is one of the miracles of God Almighty. This microscopic organism, which is only 0.5-1.5 millimeters in length, is characterized by its strangeness and miraculous strength. As these creatures are among the strongest living organisms that exist so far on earth, they live all over the world from the depths of the oceans to the highest mountains, in land environments (deserts, polar regions) and marine and fresh aquatic environments (even glaciers) and the study of fossils has proven The water bear was found on the face of the earth about 500 million years ago. First described in 1773 by the zoologist August Ephraim Goeze, these organisms are closely related to Arthropoda and Onychophorans, with a head and body consisting of five segments and four pairs of jointless legs with sucking disc claws at the end of each leg. The head of tardigrades consists of a hard shell, a probe-like mouthpart, and a muscular pharynx used for feeding. These organisms feed on bacteria, algae, plants and some invertebrates, and they can coexist with some invertebrates. Despite its small population, it forms an important part of the food chain.
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